Experts say universal screening could essentially
reduce the cervical cancer death rate to zero.

Still, only 12 - 15% of women have routine Pap smears. As a result, only 55% of white women and 44% of African American women are diagnosed at early stages. In women who receive treatment when cervical cancer is still local, the cure rate is about 90%. If the cancer cells have spread beyond the cervix, the average 5-year survival rates may drop to 50% and below, depending on how much it has spread and the type of cancer cell.

The best way to prevent cervical cancer is to avoid getting infected with human papilloma virus (HPV). Because HPV is sexually transmitted, practicing safe sex and limiting the number of sexual partners can help reduce risk. A vaccine is now available that can protect against some cancer-causing HPV strains. Regular Pap tests remain the most effective way of preventing the development of invasive cervical cancer.